Including Celticidaceae

Aphananthe Planch.

1. Aphananthe cuspidata (Blume) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 209; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8  (1977) 69; --Cyclostemon cuspidatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 599; --Gironniera cuspidata (Blume) Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burma 2 (1877) 470; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; --Backer & Bakh.f. Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12. --Gironniera curranii Merr., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 251. Sri Lanka, India, Andaman Isls, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, ?China, Hongkong, Hainan, NE Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls  (Bali; Sumabawa; Flores; Timor), Borneo (Mt Kinabalu), S Philippines, Sulawesi.
2. Aphananthe philippinensis Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 337; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 34; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 67. N Philippines, New Guinea, Australia (Queensland; New South Wales). LUZON. Primary and secondary forest subject to rather strong seasonal climate. Photos

Celtis L.

1. Celtis latifolia (Blume) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 186; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 63; --Solenostigma latifolium Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1856) 67. Solomon Isls, New Guinea, Moluccas, Philippines. PALAWAN. Primary and secondary forests on sandy clay soils, 0-400m.
2. Celtis luzonica Warb. in Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 164; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 32; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 61. Taiwan, Philippines. LUZON, MINDORO, MASBATE, SAMAR, MINDANAO. Lowland thickets and forests. Fl. & fr. Mar-Jul.
3. Celtis philippensis Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 197; --S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 248; --Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 42; Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 122; EPFP 2 (1923) 32; --Soepadmo in Whitmore, Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 416; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 62. --Celtis mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2842. --Celtis multifolia Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3796, nom. inval., no Latin descr.
   
   • var. philippensis. Tropical Africa to Madagascar, India, Myanmar, SE China, Hongkong, Taiwan, Thailand, Indochina, throughout Malesia to NE Australia. N LUZON to MINDANAO and PALAWAN. Common in thickets and open forests at low elevation. Photos
   • var. wightii (Planch.) Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 62; --Celtis wightii Planch., Ann. Sc. Nat. 3, 10 (1848) 307.
4. Celtis rigescens (Miq.) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 182; --Soepadmo, in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 416; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 58; --Solenostigma rigescens Miq., Sumatra (1861) 411. --Celtis asperifolia Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 246; EPFP 2 (1923) 32. C & S Sumatra, Anambas Isls, Peninsular Malaysia, W Java, E Borneo, S Philippines, NE Sulawesi, Moluccas (Seram; Buru; Sula; Morotai), New Guinea (incl. New Britain). MINDANAO: Davao. Lowland thickets or forests.
5. Celtis rubrovenia Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 464; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 33; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 65. --Celtis rubrovenia Elmer var. integra Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 33. Philippines, New Guinea LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Benguet. Primary forests on hills and ridges, 500-1800m.
6. Celtis timorensis Span., Linnaea 15 (1841) 343; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 65. --Celtis cinnamomea Lindley in Wall., Cat. (1831) No 3696, nom. nud.; --Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 303; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 32. --Celtis crenato-serrata Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 174. Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, C Sumatra, Java, Christmas Is, Lesser Sunda Isls (Flores; Timor), Borneo (Sabah: Mt Kinabalu), Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Bataan. Open forests at low elevation. Common in areas with rather prominent seasonal climate, in open forests at low elevation. Fl. & fr. Nov-Apr.

Gironniera Gaudich.

1. Gironniera celtidifolia Gaudich., Bot. Freycinet’s Voy. (1844) t. 85; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 73. --Gironniera sibuyanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1845; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35. Philippines, Moluccas (Morotai; Halmaheira), Misima, Sudest, Rossel Isls, New Guinea, Admiralty. Fl. & fr. Jan-Dec. Photos
2. Gironniera subaequalis Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 339; --Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; --Corner, Wayside Trees Malaya (1940) 690; --Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12; --Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 419; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 75. Andaman Isls, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, China (Yunnan; Guangdong; Hongkong), Hainan, throughout Malesia (except Lesser Sunda Isls). Lowland primary and secondary forests. Photos

Parasponia Miq. = Trema

Trema Lour.

1. Trema cannabina Lour., Fl. Cochin. 2 (1790) 563; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 50; --Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12; --Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 421; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 50. --Trema amboinensis (Willd.) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 61, quoad syn., excl. descr.; --Celtis amboinensis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4, 2 (1805) 997. Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, China, Hainan, Taiwan, throughout Malesia to Australia, Melanesia (Solomon Isls, Vanuatu), New Caledonia, W Polynesia (Fiji; Samoa), and Micronesia. Sea-level to 1200m, along roadsides, forest edges, thickets, early re-growth secondary forests, a common pioneer in newly opened sites. Photos
2. Trema eurhynchum (Miq.) Byng & Christenh., Global Fl. 4 (2018) 127; --De Castro et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3773; --Parasponia eurhyncha Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 3 (1861) 411. --Parasponia rugosa Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 66; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 44; --Trema rugosa (Blume) Byng & Christenh., Global Fl. 4 (2018) 127, nom. inval., auct. non Blume. --Trema vulcanica Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 260. --Trema philippinensis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3218. Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, New Britain, Sulawesi, Philippines. LUZON, LEYTE, MINDANAO, PALAWAN. Often dominant or co-dominant in seral vegetation on various soil types including volcanic ash, 50-1900m. Photos
   
3. Trema orientalis (L.) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 62; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 171; EPFP 2 (1923) 34; --Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12, pro parte, excl. syn. Trema amboinensis auct. non (Willd.) Blume; --Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 421; --Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 51; --Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3973; --Celtis orientalis L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 1044. ?Tropical Africa, Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, China, Hainan, Taiwan, Japan, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia, Solomon Isls, Marianas, Polynesia. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Photos
4. Trema tomentosa (Roxb.) Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 2 (1971) 19; --Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 423; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 53; --Celtis tomentosa Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2 (1832) 66. --Celtis lima auct. non Sw.; --Blanco, Fl. Filip. 2 (1837) 139. --Trema orientalis auct. non (L.) Blume; --Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 121. Tropical E Africa, Madagascar, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina, China, Hainan, Hongkong, Taiwan, Ryukyu Isls (Okinawa), throughout Malesia to Queensland, New Caledonia, Micronesia, Polynesia (Fiji; Tonga, and Hawaii). Photos

Cultivated, not naturalized:

1. Cannabis sativa L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 1027; --Backer, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1948) 223. Native of C Asia, cultivated either as a fiber plant or as a narcotic in many other countries. Photos

Literature

De Castro, ME, JS Carandang VI & EMG Agoo. 2020. Floristic study of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3769-3779

Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines. www.philippineplants.org

Copyright © 2011, Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines

Last updated 16 January 2021