Ammannia L.

1. Ammannia auriculata Willd., Hort. Berol. 1 (1806) t. 7; --Type: from Egypt. --Ammannia multiflora Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1 (1820) 447; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 136; --Type: from India. --Ammannia auriculata Willd. var. arenaria (Kunth) Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 1 (1880) 245; --Ammannia arenaria Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 6 (1824) 190. --Ammannia auriculata Willd. forma hyrcanica Koehne, Bot. Jahrb. 1 (1880) 245; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 135. Warmer parts of the world. Africa, tropical and subtropical N & S America, W Asia to S China, N Australia. LUZON: La Union (Lete 497), Abra, Pampanga.
2. Ammannia baccifera L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1762) 175; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 343; EPFP 3 (1923) 135; --Type: from China. Africa, S & SE Asia, Australia. Photos
   • var. baccifera. Tropical Africa and Asia, across Malesia to tropical parts of Australia. Throughout the Philippines. Low and medium elevation in open damp wet places. Often abundant.
   • var. viridis (Hornem.) Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 1 (1880) 260; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 136. India to China.
3. Ammannia coccinea Rottb., Pl. Hort. Univ. (Havn.) Programm. Descr. (1773) 7; --De Wilde & Duyfjes, Fl. Males. 1, 22 (2016) 12; --Type: from Jamaica (neo). N, C & S America. Naturalized elsewhere, incl. Philippines. LUZON. Photos
   

Possibly present:

1. Ammannia octandra L.f., Suppl. Pl. (1782) 127. India, Java, Sri Lanka. Reported for the Philippines by Moody (1989) as a weed in rice fields, but no specimens cited and not mentioned for the Philippines by De Wilde & Duyfjes (2016).

Cuphea P.Browne [Not native]

1. Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.Macbr., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8 (1930) 124; --Lythrum carthagenense Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 2(1760) 2; --Type: from Barbados. South and Central America. Not native to the Philippines. Photos

Duabanga Buch.-Ham.

1. Duabanga moluccana Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 109; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 139; --Backer & Steen., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 288. Borneo, Philippines, Talaud, Sulawesi, E Java, Lesser Sunda Isls (Bali; Lombok; Sumbawa), Moluccas (Halmahera; Ternate; Bacan; Ambon; Seram), New Guinea. Widespread in the Philippines. Photos

Lagerstroemia L.

1. Lagerstroemia celebica Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1856) 127; --De Wilde & Duyfjes, Fl. Males. 1, 22 (2016) 29; --Type: from Sulawesi (lecto). --Lagerstroemia piriformis Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 4 (1883) 23; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 137; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 248; --Type: Cuming 1675 (B, holo, lost; BM, K, L, iso), Philippines. --Lagerstroemia batitinan S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 139; --Lagerstroemia piriformis forma batitinan (S.Vidal) Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 254; --Type: Vidal 356 bis (A, lecto; K, L, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna prov., near San Antonio. --Lagerstroemia inopinata Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 238; --Type: Ahern’s collector (Decades of Philip. Forest Flora no. 204) (A, holo; US, iso), Luzon: Rizal prov., Bosoboso. --Lagerstroemia alatulata Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 242; --Type: PNH 8173 Sulit (A, holo; PNH, iso), Luzon: Laguna prov., Mt Makiling. Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, New Guinea, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Philippines. SAMAR, LUZON: Albay, Cagayan, Laguna, Rizal, Quezon, LEYTE (Tacloban & Palo; Ormoc: Lake Danao), MINDANAO: Agusan, Cotabato, Misamis, Surigao, Davao Oriental (Mati), Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY: Iloilo. Photos
2. Lagerstroemia paniculata (Turcz.) S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 115; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 137; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 228; --Pterocalymma paniculata Turcz., Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 19 (1846) 508; --Type: Cuming 1188 (A, holo, ex LE; E, L, NY, SING, iso), Philippines. --Lagerstroemia piriformis auct. non Koehne; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 137, pro parte. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela (San Mariano), Aurora (Casiguran), Rizal (Montalban), Laguna (Mt Makiling), Camarines Sur. Photos
3. Lagerstroemia pterosepala Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 230; --Type: BS 21959 Adduru (A, holo; L, UC, US, iso), Luzon: Abra prov. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Ilocos Sur.
4. Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers., Syn. 2 (1807) 72; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 341; EPFP 3 (1923) 137; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 264; --Type: from China (lecto). Borneo, Cambodia, China (Yunnan), India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines. LUZON, MINDORO, PALAWAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO, SAMAR. Mostly in secondary forests at low and medium elevation. Photos

Cultivated, not naturalized:

1. Lagerstroemia floribunda Jack, Malay Misc. 1 (1820-22) 38; --Type: from Peninsular Malaysia (neo). Photos
   • var. floribunda. --Lagerstroemia floribunda var. brevifolia Craib, Fl. Siam. Enum. 1 (1831) 722; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 331. Native of continental SE Asia. Not naturalized.
2. Lagerstroemia indica L., Syst. ed. 10 (1759) 1076; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 341; EPFP 3 (1923) 136; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 190; --Type: from China (lecto). Himalayan regions, China, Indochina and Japan. Widely cultivated all over the world. Not naturalized. Photos
3. Lagerstroemia loudonii Teysm. & Binn., Nat. Tijdschr. Ned.-Ind. 25 (1863) 425; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 303; --Type: from Thailand. Endemic to Thailand. Cultivated in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Java. LUZON: Laguna. Not naturalized.
4. Lagerstroemia subcostata Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 4 (1883) 20; --Furtado & Montien, Gard. Bull. Sing. 24 (1969) 281; --Type: from Taiwan (lecto). China, Taiwan, Bonin Isls, Philippines. LUZON: Laguna (Los Baños, PNH 3408 Sulit & PNH 40084 M.L. Steiner). Not naturalized.

Lawsonia L. [Not native]

1. Lawsonia inermis L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 349; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 138. Native of E Africa or India, introduced in most tropical countries. Cultivated as an ornamental in many parts of the Philippines. Scarcely naturalized. Henna. Photos

Pemphis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.

1. Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst., Char. Gen. (1776) 68; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 136; --Type: from French Polynesia (lecto). Tropical E Africa and Asia, to tropical Australia and Polynesia. Throughout the Philippines along seashores. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Photos

Rotala L.

1. Rotala hexandra Wall. ex Koehne, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 1 (1880) 167; --De Wilde & Duyfjes, Fl. Males. 1, 22 (2016) 57; --Type: from Myanmar. China, Java, Myanmar, Philippines. LUZON. Marshy places.
   
2. Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 1 (1880) 172; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 134; --Leeuwen, Blumea 19 (1971) 54; --Peplis indica Willd., Sp. Pl. 2 (1799)  244; --Type: from India. SE and E Asia, C & N Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Madura, Lesser Sunda Isls (Lombok), Philippines, Sulawesi. Photos
3. Rotala mexicana Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 5 (1830) 567; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 134; --Leeuwen, Blumea 19 (1971) 54; --Type: from Mexico. Common in warmer countries. E Java, Madura, the Philippines, New Guinea.
4. Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne in Mart., Fl. Bras. 132 (1877) 194; --Ammannia ramosior L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 120; --Type: from N. America. --Ammannia catholica Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 2 (1827) 378; --Rotala catholica (Cham. & Schltdl.) Van Leeuwen, Blumea 19 (1971) 54; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 135; --Type: Chamisso s.n. (LE, hololecto; G, isolecto), Philippines: Luzon. --Ammannia monoflora Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 64; --Type: Merrill 426 (L, neo), Luzon: Manila. Native of the Neotropics, introduced in the Old World, only found as yet in Malesia in the Philippines. LUZON. Rice paddy weed (Merrill 1923). Photos
5. Rotala rosea (Poir.) C.D.K.Cook ex H.Hara, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2 (1979) 173; --Ammannia rosea Poir., Encycl. Suppl. 1 (1810) 329. --Rotala pentandra auct. non (Roxb.) Blatt. & Hallb.; --Leeuwen, Blumea 19 (1971) 55, pro parte, pro basion. et syn. R. leptopetala. --Rotala leptopetala (Blume) Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 1 (1880) 162, pro parte; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923)135; --Ammannia leptopetala Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1856) 134; --Type: from Java. SE Asia; in Malesia in W Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, W & C Java, Madura, Sulawesi, the Philippines and New Guinea. LUZON, MINDANAO.

Sonneratia L.f.

1. Sonneratia alba Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 33 (1819) No. 2; --Backer & Steen., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 285. --Sonneratia caseolaris auct. non Engl.; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 139, pro parte. Africa, Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Indian Ocean, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific, Peninsular Malaysia, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines. Shallow parts of calm seas, seashores, along the mouth of tidal crees. Prefers salt water and grows well on sandy or rocky as on a muddy soil, not rarely on coral terraces. Often gregarious and predominating, but usually not forming a dense growth, except sometimes where better fuel-trees have been destroyed. Photos
2. Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 1 (1897) 261; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 344; EPFP 3 (1923) 139; --Backer & Steen., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 283; --Rhizophora caseolaris L., Herb. Amb. (1754) 13. --Sonneratia acida L.f., Suppl. (1781) 252; --Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 139. --Sonneratia pagatpat Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 424; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 344; EPFP 3 (1923) 139. Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific, Pakistan, Peninsular Malaysia, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines. Less salt parts of mangrove forests on a deeply muddy soil, never on coral bank, often along tidal creeks with slow moving water and ascending these as far as the flood mounts. Photos
3. Sonneratia ovata Backer, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. 3, 2 (1920) 329; --Backer & Steen., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 285; --Primavera et al. (2004) Handb. Mangrove Philip. Panay 76. Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Java, Moluccas, New Guinea, Peninsular Malaysia, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines. Landward side of tidal forests in the less salt part on a muddy soil, along tidal creeks, never on coral reefs. Locally numerous, but on the whole, rather rare. Photos

Woodfordia Salisb.

1. Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40 (1871) 56; --De Wilde & Duyfjes, Fl. Males. 1, 22 (2016) 64; --Lythrum fruticosum L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 2 (1759) 1045; --Type: from China (lecto). Bhutan, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Madagascar, Madura, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sulawesi, Thailand, Philippines.

Tarrietia Blume = Heritiera

Cultivated, not naturalized:

1. Punica granatum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 472; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 344; EPFP 3 (1923) 141; --Backer, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 226. Probably originating from Iran and some adjoining countries, from there introduced into S Europe, N Africa, E and SE Asia. Pomegranate. Photos

Acknowledgements

Literature

Leeuwen, BLJ van . 1971. A preliminary revision of the genus Rotala (Lythraceae) in Malesia. Blumea 19: 53-56

Moody, K. 1989. Weeds reported in rice in South and Southeast Asia. IRRI, Philippines

Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines. www.philippineplants.org

Copyright © 2011, Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines

Last updated 30 November 2020