Melastomataceae

Memecylaceae

Anerincleistus Korth.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 27 May 2018
  1. Anerincleistus philippinensis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 337; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Maxwell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 141 (1989) 54; Type: Merrill 9412 (L, lecto; NY, SING, isolecto), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, May-1913; Merrill 7241 (= Phil. Pl. 408) (L, US, syn), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, in thin forests at 2-5m, on hillsides near the sea, 18-Sep-1910; Merrill 9552 (syn), Palawan: Mt Capoas, 21-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Primary forests. 0-800m. Native.

Astrocalyx Merr. (Endemic)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 2 May 2026
  1. Astrocalyx calycina (S.Vidal) Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 203; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 75; ≡ Astronia calycina S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 136; ≡ Pharmacum calycinum (S.Vidal) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 954; Type: Vidal 780 ('781') (A, K, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan. = Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 203; Type: Aguilar FB14349bis (K, US, iso), Luzon: Camarines, near Daet, forest near the Maniba River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, ?Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental (photos), Sultan Kudarat (photos), SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, often in damp areas. 550-1700m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Endangered. Native.

Astronia Blume

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 3 May 2026
  1. Astronia acuminatissima Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 345; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 104; Type: Philip. Pl. 357 (Ramos), (PNH, holo, lost; US), Luzon: Rizal, San Isidro, Jun-1910. = Astronia parvifolia Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 351; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209. = Astronia sorsogonensis Merr., PJS 11c (1916) 26; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos), Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 150-1190m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. acuminatissima. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Primary forest, often mossy. 400-1190m. Native.
    • var. palawanensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; Type: PNH 8 Edaño (SING, holo; L, PNH, iso), Palawan: Mt Mantalingahan, 935m, 7-May-1947. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Primary forest. 930m. Native.
    • var. subcaudata (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; ≡ Astronia subcaudata Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 349; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 9457 Robinson (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Mt Binuang, 800m, 29-Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests (often with dipterocarps). 150-800m. Native.
  2. Astronia alata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; Type: BS 40598 Ramos & Edano (A, holo; L, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, Mar-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Mossy montane forest. 1800m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Astronia apoensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1206; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 106; Type: Elmer 11427 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, US, Z, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, 1675m, Aug-1909. = Astronia mearnsii Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 340; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Mountain forest, often along streams. 1675-2065m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  4. Astronia benguetensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 106; Type: Celestino 4381 (L, holo; A, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog, Bokod, 2000m. = Astronia mearnsii Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 340; Type: FB 4699 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 1800m, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO. Notes: Forest near creek. 2000m. Native.
  5. Astronia candolleana Cogn., Monogr. Phan. 7 (1891) 1099; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 107; Type: Cuming 850 (E, G, L, LE, MO), Luzon: Albay, 1837. = Astronia platyphylla Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 355; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 16545 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; BO, L, US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, 2-Oct-1912. = Astronia tetragona Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 341; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: FB 25204 Alvarez (PNH, holo, lost), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Lanao-Cotabato Trail, in dipterocarp forest, c. 1000m, 21-Mar-1916. = Astronia zambalensis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3202; Type: Elmer 22065 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, SING, Z, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Zambales Mtns, Mt Pinatubo, 1220m, May-1927. = Astronia bulusanensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3653, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 17036 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 610m, Nov-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Isabela (photos), Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Lanao, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: In the Sierra Madre Range from Cagayan to Quezon. Primary forest, damp areas. (?-)1350m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  6. Astronia cumingiana S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 174; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 107; Type: Cuming 999 (E, L, MO, PNH lost), Luzon: Albay; ?Vidal 343 (MA); Vidal 344 (MA, syn), Luzon: prope Manila; Vidal 1387 (MA, syn), Luzon: Lepanto. = Astronia foxworthyi Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3091; Type: Elmer 17964 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Maquiling, middle elevation, Jun/Jul-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BATANES, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, CEBU, CORREGIDOR, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: 300-2000m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. cumingiana. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Albay, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forest and secondary forest at low to medium elevation. Native.
    • var. bicolor (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 107; ≡ Astronia bicolor Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 350; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: FB 10851 Curran (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Ugo, 2000m, 16-Dec-1908. = Astronia discolor Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 352; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Loher 6270 (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Apr-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO. Notes: Primary forests. 300-2000m. Native.
  7. Astronia dioica Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 343; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 108; Type: BS 15293 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost), Leyte: Mt Ibuni, near Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forest. 0-500m to 550m (photos). Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  8. Astronia ferruginea Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1205; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 108; Type: Elmer 11426 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, 1675m, Aug-1909. = Astronia ferruginea var. ampla Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 342; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: BS 18900 Miranda (PNH, hololecto, lost; L, isolecto), Basilan: Comalarang River, Sep-1912. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BASILAN, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, MINDORO (photos), NEGROS (photos). Notes: Primary forest. 500-2000m. Native.
  9. Astronia gitingensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1202; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 108; Type: Elmer 12518 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), 1450m, May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Ridge in primary forest. 1450-1600m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  10. Astronia glauca Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 31; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 108; Type: Elmer 6294 (PNH, holo, lost; SING, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, May-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: In the Cordillera Highlands. Primary forest and thickets. 700-1600m. Native.
  11. Astronia katangladensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 109; Type: PNH 9936 Sulit (A, holo; L, PNH, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Kitanglad, 1800m, 27-Feb-1949. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Mossy forest. 1800m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  12. Astronia lagunensis Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 213; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 109; Type: Merrill 5144 (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, 1100m, 17-Mar-1906. = Astronia loheri Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 341; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Loher 6294 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Rizal, Angilog, Mar-1906. = Astronia consanguinea Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 338; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: BS 29215 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta-Siniloan Trail, forest along small stream, 12-Jun-1917. = Astronia verruculosa Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 342; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: Philip. Pl. 1569 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, NY, SING, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog, mossy forest near summit, c. 1900m, 23-Nov-1913. = Astronia pacifica Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3654, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 16526 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 915m, Jul-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay (photos), Aurora, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 350-2700m. Native.
    • var. lagunensis. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary forests, often along streams, or in wet, mossy areas. 350-2700m. Native.
    • var. pachyphylla (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; ≡ Astronia pachyphylla Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 339; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 28558 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, forest near the summit, 1000m, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Montane forests. 1000m. Native.
    • var. pauciflora (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; ≡ Astronia pauciflora Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 434; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 28646 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, in forest, apparently c. 1000m, May-1917. = Astronia brachybotrys Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 434; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: BS 33279 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; BO, L, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Palimlim, 1000m, 21-Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon. Notes: Montane forests, often in mossy areas. 1000m. Native.
  13. Astronia megalantha Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 347; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; Type: BS 15258 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, near summit of Mt Buraui, near Dagami, 13-Aug-1912. = Astronia negrosensis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 348; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: FB 4298 Everett (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Negros: Iruiogaan River, 150m, Jun-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, ?HOMONHON, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: ?Apayao (photos), Aurora, Cagayan, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: 100-1300m. Native.
    • var. megalantha; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, CEBU, ?HOMONHON, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 100-1300m. Native.
    • var. campanulata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; Type: BS 38670 Ramos & Edaño (A, holo; US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mahilucot River, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?LUZON: ?Apayao (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
  14. Astronia meyeri Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 51; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 111; Type: FB 2840 Meyer (PNH, holo, lost; BO, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, 22-Nov-1904. = Astronia badia Merr., PJS 11c (1916) 26; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 207. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary and mossy forests. 300-1150m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  15. Astronia pulchra S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 136; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 111; Type: Vidal 345 (A, L, MA, PNH lost, syn), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Iriga. = Astronia pulchra var. obovata Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 350; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 5013 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Zambales, Mt Tapulao, Nov-1907. = Astronia cuernosensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1204; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: Elmer 10234 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, 1220m, Jun-1908. = Astronia bicolana Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3651. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, DINAGAT (photos), LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Montane forests, often mossy. 550-2400m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  16. Astronia quadrangulata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 111; Type: Jacobs 7353 (SING, holo; A, L, MO, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog, mossy forest bordering open grassland, on sandy loamy soil, 2500-2700m, 6-Feb-1968. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Primary forest, mossy areas. 2250-2700m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  17. Astronia rolfei S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 174; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 112; Type: Cuming 1723 (K, L, PNH lost, syn), Samar: 1837; Vidal 1392 (MA, syn), Luzon: Albay, Tognao-tognao. = Astronia rolfei var. furfuracea Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 345; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: FB 17180 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Cagayan, Misiones River. = Astronia lucbanensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1201; Type: Elmer 7807 (PNH, hololecto, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Lucban, Mt Banahaw, 610m, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Mountain forest. 700m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  18. Astronia scabrida J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 113; Type: BS 38555 Ramos & Edaño (A, holo; L, US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Lipa, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  19. Astronia viridifolia Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1203; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 114; Type: Elmer 12281 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), 305m, Apr-1910. = Astronia purpuriflora Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3656, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 16350 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 305m, Jun-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary, often dipterocarp, forests. 100-800m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  20. Astronia williamsii Merr. ex C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 214; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 114; Type: Williams 722 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Mar-1904. = Astronia piperi Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 354; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: Wenzel 222 (PNH, holo, lost; A, MO, US, Z, iso), Leyte: Dagami, 21-Jun-1913. = Astronia merrillii Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3091; Type: Elmer 18430 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Laguna, summit Mt Makiling, Jul-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY (photos), POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: (?-)1000m. Native.
    • var. williamsii. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Montane forests. (?-)1000m. Native.
    • var. ramosii (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 114; ≡ Astronia ramosii Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 343; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 10872 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost); BS 16524 Ramos (L, US, para), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Aug-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Native.

Beccarianthus Cogn.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 15 June 2026
  1. Beccarianthus ickisii Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 358; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Maxwell & Veldkamp, Blumea 35 (1990) 154; Type: Merrill 7342 (PNH, holo, lost; BO, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Butuan, 50m, 2-Oct-1910. = Beccarianthus ickisii var. setosus Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 278; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Wenzel 1015 (PNH, holo, lost; A, MO, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Buenavista near Jaro, 500m, 13-Jul-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga del Norte (photos), NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Moist primary forests. 50-500m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  2. Beccarianthus octodontus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Everettia octodonta Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 315; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: BS 30556 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Catanduanes: Sto Domingo River, low elevation, 3-Dec-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Notes: Lowland forest. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Beccarianthus puberulus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Beccarianthus ickisii var. puberulus Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 343; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Type: BS 29230 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta-Siniloan Trail, 12-Jun-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE (photos), LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (photos). Notes: Damp primary forest on ridge at low elevation. 500m (photos). Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  4. Beccarianthus pulcherrimus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Everettia pulcherrima Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 357; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 4690 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 1400m, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, South Cotabato (photos), Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 300-1400m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.

Catanthera F.Muell.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & Raab Bustamante, 16 June 2022
  1. Catanthera endertii (M.P.Nayar) M.P.Nayar, Gard. Bull. Singapore 24 (1969) 353; ≡ Hederella endertii M.P.Nayar, Kew Bull. 20 (1966) 240; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Trailing on rocks and trees. Known from the Philippines from Merrill 776 (US). Native.

Creochiton Blume

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 11 November 2016
  1. Creochiton bracteata (Quisumb. & Merr.) Veldkamp, Blumea 24 (1978) 438; Kartonegoro & Veldkamp, Blumea 58 (2013) 222; ≡ Eisocreochiton bracteata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 177; Type: BS 45610 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; BM, BO, K, NY, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Mt Alzapan, c. 1700m, climbing on trees on forested slopes, 24-May-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Only known from type. Montane forests. 1700m. Native.
  2. Creochiton diptera Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1192; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Kartonegoro & Veldkamp, Blumea 58 (2013) 222; Type: Elmer 9813 (PNH, holo, lost?; E, MO, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Dumaguete (Cuernos Mts). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Local name: Buyon-Buyon. Primary forests. 450-1800m. Native.
  3. Creochiton rosea Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 32; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Kartonegoro & Veldkamp, Blumea 58 (2013) 226; Type: Copeland 1297 (PNH, holo, lost?; K, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, NEGROS. Notes: Local name: Isag. Primary forests. 800-1200m. Native.

Diplectria (Blume) Rchb.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 27 July 2026
  1. Diplectria divaricata (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1 (1891) 246; Veldkamp et al., Blumea 24 (1978) 416; Kartonegoro et al., Taxon 70 (2021) 814; ≡ Dissochaeta divaricata (Willd.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 2 (1832) 783; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 66; ≡ Melastoma divaricatum Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 2 (1799) 596; Type: from India. = Diplectria furfurascens (Elmer) M.P.Nayar, Blumea 24 (1978) 413; ≡ Dissochaeta furfurascens Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2754; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Elmer 13352 (BO, lecto; BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NA, NY, P, PNH, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Jul-1912. = Anplectrum suluense Merr., PJS 30 (1926) 417; Type: BS 44461 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; L, NY, isolecto), Jolo, Sep-1924. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, JOLO, LUZON, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental (photos), South Cotabato (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets and forests. 500m (photos) to 600-900(-1460)m. Native.
  2. Diplectria stipularis (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1 (1891) 246; Veldkamp et al., Blumea 24 (1978) 424; Kartonegoro et al., Taxon 70 (2021) 814; ≡ Dissochaeta stipularis (Blume) Backer ex Clausing, Fl. Thailand 7 (2001) 431; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 146; ≡ Melastoma stipulare Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1073; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PALAWAN. Notes: 75-760m. Native.

Dissochaeta Blume

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 28 May 2026
  1. Dissochaeta acmura Stapf & M.L.Green, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913 (1913) 42; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 27; Type: Cuming 2838 (K, lecto), Luzon: Albay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, CEBU, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao (photos), Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, ?Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur (photos), Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao del Sur, NEGROS (photos), PANAY (photos), POLILLO, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Lowland damp primary forests. 120m (photos) to 220-300m. Native.
  2. Dissochaeta axillaris Cogn., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48 (1912) 108; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 37; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN, JOLO, MINDANAO, SANTA CRUZ ISLS. Notes: 10-930m. Native.
  3. Dissochaeta biligulata Korth., Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. (1844) 240; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 46; Type: from Sumatra. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Notes: 0-1500m. Native.
  4. Dissochaeta bracteata (Jack) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 495; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 51; ≡ Melastoma bracteatum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 14 (1823) 9, as 'bracteata'; Type: from Malay Peninsula (neo). Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PANAY. Notes: 600-900m. Native.
  5. Dissochaeta celebica Blume, Mus. Bot. 1 (1849) 36; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 75; Type: from Sulawesi. = Dissochaeta subviridis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1193; Type: Elmer 10577 (GH, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, CAS, E, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat (photos), Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: 600-2000m. Native.
    • var. celebica. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Norte. Notes: Forests. 600-1900m. Native.
  6. Dissochaeta cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 15 (1851) 75, as 'cummingii'; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 64; Type: Cuming 1344 (P, lecto; BM, K, L, isolecto), Luzon: Albay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay. Notes: According to Kartonegoro et al. (2018) known only from the type collection. Native.

Heterotis Benth. (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 10 August 2024
  1. Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fél., Adansonia, 2nd Sér. 20 (1981) 417; ≡ Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 58; ≡ Osbeckia rotundifolia Sm., Cycl. 25 (1813) n.204. Distribution: Africa. LUZON: Camarines Norte (photos), Camarines Sur (photos), Laguna (photos), MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga del Norte (photos), MINDORO (photos). Notes: 50-100m (photos). Naturalized.

Lijndenia Zoll. & Moritzi

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 24 May 2020
  1. Lijndenia laurina Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. (Moritzi et al.) (1846) 9. = Memecylon oligoneurum Blume, Mus. Bot. 1 (1851) 353; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215. = Rhodamnia glabra S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 129; Scott, Kew Bull 33 (1979) 456; Type: Vidal 782 (A, FI, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Guinayangan. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Medinilla Gaudich.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 30 July 2026
  1. Medinilla amplifolia Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 37; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 136; Type: Elmer 6112 (US, lecto; FR, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Sablan, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora (photos), Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Damp ravines or wet slopes of mossy forests. 800-1500m. Native.
  2. Medinilla annulata C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 215; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 183; Type: BS 9002 Robinson (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Polillo: San Francisco, Aug-1909. = Medinilla brevipedunculata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1216; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: Elmer 7584 (G, lecto; BO, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, Mt Banahao, May-1907. = Medinilla longipes Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 278; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: Wenzel 1131 (MO, lecto; A, F, isolecto), Leyte: Buenavista, Jaro, 12-Sep-1914. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora (photos), Camarines Norte, Isabela (photos), Quezon, Sorsogon, ?MINDANAO: ?Bukidnon (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), POLILLO. Notes: Primary forests. 0-500(-900)m. Native.
  3. Medinilla antonii Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2756; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 155; Type: Elmer 13633 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Caraga, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, ridge between Duros and Cawilanan, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 1000m. Native.
  4. Medinilla apayaoensis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 343; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 141; Type: BS 28142 Fenix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BM, BO, CAL, K, L, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Ngagan, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Notes: Known only from the type collection. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  5. Medinilla apoensis C.B.Rob., PJS 3c (1908) 207; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 140; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2438; Type: Williams 2569 (US, lecto; NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, 30-Mar-1905. = Medinilla confluentinervia Merr., LPB 4 (1911) 1224; Type: Elmer 11469 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental. Notes: Mossy forests. 1500-2329m. Native.
  6. Medinilla astronioides Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 88; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 150; Type: Cuming 758 (P, holo; BM, BR, G-DC, K, L, M, MO, NY, P, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, 1840. = Medinilla negrito Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3203; Type: Elmer 22374 (GH, lecto; A, B, BO, C, K, L, LE, MICH, MO, NY, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, Camp Stotsenburg, 1-May-1927. = Medinilla acuminata Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 238; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Merrill 5667 (US, lecto; G, isolecto), Mindoro: Mimaropa, Mt Halcon, 18-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Open areas or exposed forest slopes. 500-1500m. Native.
  7. Medinilla attenuata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1223; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Type: Elmer 11740 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, L, MO, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Considered here distinct from Medinilla erythrotricha (Quakenbush 2024). 1101m. Native.
  8. Medinilla aurantiiflora Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1208; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 153; Type: Elmer 9934 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, Apr-1908. = Medinilla confertiflora Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 296; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: BS 35413 Martelino & Edaño (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Panay: Libacao, May-1919. = Medinilla cauliflora Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 207, nom. illeg., non Hemsl.; Type: FB 17397 Curran (US, lecto), Negros: Mt Canlaon, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO (photos), NEGROS, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary forests along rivers and streams. 850-1000m. Native.
  9. Medinilla banahaensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1225; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 134; Type: Elmer 11466a (US, lecto; BISH, BO, CAL, CAS, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, ?Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests. 551-2084m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  10. Medinilla benguetensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1207; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 167; Type: Elmer 8435 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, CAL, CAS, F, FI, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 1-Mar-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Sur, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: In Benguet reported on limestone. Native.
  11. Medinilla binaria Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1211; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 135; Type: Elmer 9736 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests. 1800m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  12. Medinilla bolsteri Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 214; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: FB 3262 Ahern's collector (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Bosoboso, Aug-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao (photos), Ilocos Norte (photos), Rizal, MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Considered as a synonym of Medinilla astronioides by Regalado (1995), but considered distinct by Quakenbush (2024). Native.
  13. Medinilla brevipes Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 241; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 147; Type: BS 13179 Foxworthy & Ramos (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Quinatacutan River; BS 28833 Ramos & Edaño (US, neo), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Quezon, MARINDUQUE, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Primary lowland forests. 0-500m. Native.
  14. Medinilla calanasan Pelser & Barcelona, Phytotaxa 742 (2026) 100; Type: Barcelona 4493 with Suetos & Pelser (PNH, holo; CAHUP, iso), Luzon: Apayao, Calanasan, Brgy. Eva, 700-800m, 24-Nov-2026. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Notes: 700-800m. Native.
  15. Medinilla calcicola Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 244; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 175; Type: Weber 1574 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; CAS, CM, E, F, GH, K, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan Valley, Abulug River, 29-Jan-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Lowland forests on limestone. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  16. Medinilla calelanensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1209; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 129; Type: Elmer 11406 (holo PNH, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, F, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Mossy forests along streams. 1800-2300m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  17. Medinilla camiguinensis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 233; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: BS 14639 (US, lecto), Camiguin: 29-Mar-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN. Notes: Provisionally considered here distinct from Medinilla multiflora (Quakenbush 2024). 550m. Native.
  18. Medinilla capitata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 295; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 174; Type: BS 35179 Ramos & Pascasio (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BO, K, L, UC, isolecto), Dinagat: May-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur (photos), SAMAR (photos). Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest under shade. 0-100m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  19. Medinilla cephalophora Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 250; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 151; Type: Bolster 290 (UC, lecto), Mindanao: Surigao, Biga Creek. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental (photos), Misamis, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. (200-)600-800m. Native.
  20. Medinilla clementis Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 208; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 145; Type: PNH 9892 Sulit (PNH, neo; A, L, isoneo), Mindanao: Mt Katanglad, S slope under Kaguiba, 19-Feb-1949. = Medinilla polisensis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 349; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: BS 19870 MacGregor (US, lecto), Luzon, Cordillera, Mt Polis. = Medinilla cordatifolia Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1226; Type: Elmer 10890a (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, F, G, GH, HBG, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, S of Baruring River, Jun-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, South Cotabato (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Exposed ridges or slopes, along streams in mossy forests or on summits. 1000-2000(-2300)m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  21. Medinilla compressicaulis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 238; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 137; Type: Merrill 7687 (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon, Cordillera, c. 35 km N of Baguio, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Cotabato (photos), Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental. Notes: Mossy forests. 1000-2200m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  22. Medinilla congesta Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 251; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 185; Type: FB 9760 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Mt Sablayan, 1000m, Feb - Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests. 800-1700m. Native.
  23. Medinilla constricta (Blume) Quakenbush & Luo Chen, Taxon 74 (2024) 56; ≡ Pachycentria constricta (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 520; Clausing, Blumea 45 (2000) 351; ≡ Melastoma constrictum Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1072; Type: from Java. = Pachycentria formicaria Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 215; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: Clemens 433 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: ?Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga. Notes: In Mindanao reportedly an epiphyte. 700-1256m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  24. Medinilla copelandii Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 52; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 24; Type: Copeland s.n. (lost), Mindanao: Zamboanga, San Ramon; Copeland 6 (US, neo), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Oct-1904. = Medinilla pumilis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1217; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203, as ‘pumila’; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Elmer 10533 (PNH, holo, lost; E, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, F, HBG, L, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, 15-May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), PANAY (photos), SAMAR. Notes: 596-1288m. Native.
  25. Medinilla cordata Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 37; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 186; Type: Elmer 5805 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1904. = Medinilla macgregorii Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 346; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: BS 19863 MacGregor (US, lecto; L, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Zambales (photos), MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, often common on summits of higher mountains in N Luzon. 2000-2500m. Native.
  26. Medinilla coriacea Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 35; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 166; Type: Whitford 228 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; F, K, L, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, May-1904. = Medinilla rotundifolia Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2757; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Elmer 13738 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, L, MICH, MO, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. = Medinilla wenzelii Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 281; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Wenzel 941 (holo, PNH, lost; MO, lecto; A, BM, F, GH, NY, isolecto), Leyte: Buenavista, Jaro. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Quirino, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur (photos), NEGROS (photos). Notes: Humid primary forests. (400-)500-1000 to 1410(-?)m (photos). Native.
  27. Medinilla coronata Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 149; ≡ Carionia elegans Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 15 (1851) 312; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Callery 18 (P, holo), Luzon, Cordillera, Mt Igorrotes. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Pampanga, Zambales (photos). Notes: Thickets and forests. 910m (photos) to 1000-1700m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  28. Medinilla crassata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1208; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 163; Type: Elmer 9311 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; BO, E, F, HBG, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Banahao, Lucban, May-1907. = Medinilla gracilipes Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 236; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Loher 6275 (PNH, holo, lost; M, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Angilog, Mar-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests. 800-1200m. Native.
  29. Medinilla cuernosensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1221; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 176; Type: Elmer 10227 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, Jun-1908. = Medinilla oligantha Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 280; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: Wenzel 1145 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto; F, isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Jaro, Masaganap, 27-Sep-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest under shade and in dense forests along streams. 200-1500m. Native.
  30. Medinilla cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 15 (1851) 292; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 127; Type: Cuming 836 (P, holo; BM, BR, E, K, L, iso), Luzon. = Medinilla peninsula Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3667, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 14963 (A, G, GH, L, MICH, MO, NY, PNH, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 16403 (A, G, GH, L, NY, PNH, S, U, UC, US). = Medinilla vanoverberghii Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 94; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Vanoverbergh 448 (holo PNH, lost; G, lecto; F, isolecto), Luzon: Bontoc, Bauco. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay, Apayao (photos), Cagayan (photos), Camarines Sur, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Peter Quakenbush (6-Aug-26): Medinilla vanoverberghii Merr. is taxonomically distinct from Medinilla cumingii Naudin. In the Cordillera Highlands. In mossy forest. 700-1000m to 1500m (photos). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
  31. Medinilla curranii Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 302; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: FB 12289 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Luzon: Bicol, Camarines Sur, Caramoan, Jun-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Quezon. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  32. Medinilla dallciana Fernando & Balete, PJS 142(Special Issue) (2013) 89; Type: Balete, Sarmiento, & Buenviaje 06-09 (CAHUP, holo; K, PNH, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Lagonoy, Saddle Peak, 950m, 29-Feb-2008. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur. Notes: 950m. DAO category: Critically Endangered. Native.
  33. Medinilla disparifolia C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 351; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 181; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 233; Type: BS 9764 Robinson (K, lecto), Luzon, Mt Banajao, 5 to 7-Mar-1910. = Medinilla loheri Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 248; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 234; Type: Loher 6280 (K, lecto), Luzon: Oriud, 8-May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte (photos), Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: See Kartonegoro (2023) for notes on the type specimens for Medinilla disparifolia and Medinilla loheri. Along streams and riverbanks in forests. 300-800m. Native.
  34. Medinilla dolichophylla Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 214; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 143; Type: Merrill 4332 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Baguio, Oct-1905. = Medinilla subdolichophylla Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1220; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Elmer 8635 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, G, HBG, L, MO, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Baguio, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quirino (photos). Notes: Cordillera and Sierra Madre Ranges. Over limestone outcrops in pine forests or in mossy forests. 1000-1800m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  35. Medinilla elegans Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1213; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 162; Type: Elmer 11311 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Primary forests. 1139-1936m. Native.
  36. Medinilla erythrotricha Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1222; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 178; Type: Elmer 10537 (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, DS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NA, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, May-1911. = Medinilla hirsuta Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 246; Type: Merrill 8296 (US, lecto), Mindanao; Zamboanga, San Ramon, Sax River, 27-Nov-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Damp forests. 1000m (photos) to 1139-1800m. Native.
  37. Medinilla fenicis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 344; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 186; Type: BS 28426 Fénix (US, lecto; A, BO, K, L, NY), Luzon: Cordillera, Mt Sulu, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya (photos). Notes: Damp rocky slopes. 1000(-?)m. Native.
  38. Medinilla ferruginea Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 297; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 180; Type: BS 35217 Ramos & Pascasio (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Bucas Grande: forest at low elevation, May-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, DINAGAT, LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: 0-627m. Native.
  39. Medinilla furfuracea Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 245; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 162; Type: BS 15224 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; K, isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, 6-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 0-200m. Native.
  40. Medinilla gitingensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1218; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Elmer 12417 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-Giting, 15-May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Provisionally considered here distinct from Medinilla pendula (Quakenbush 2024). 457m. Native.
  41. Medinilla halconensis Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 287; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 175; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 863; Type: Merrill 5642 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; G, GH, K, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, Nov-1906. = Medinilla longidens Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 345; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: BS 28422 Fenix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu, May-1917. = Medinilla microphylla Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 288; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Merrill 5599 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; G, K, NY, P, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora (photos), Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests. 800-1100m. Native.
  42. Medinilla inaequifolia C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 216; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 180; Type: BS 10264 Macgregor (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Polillo. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, PANAY (photos), POLILLO. Notes: Damp primary forests. 150-800m. Native.
  43. Medinilla involucrata Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 51; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: McGregor 328 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Baco River, Apr-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Considered here distinct from Medinilla erythrotricha (Quakenbush 2024). 200-500m. Native.
  44. Medinilla lagunae S.Vidal, Fl. Filip., 3rd Ed. 4(Nov. App.) (1880) 89; Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 27; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 173; Type: Cuming 1333 (K, holo; BR, L, iso), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay. Notes: Forests along streams. 650m (photos) to 700-1500m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  45. Medinilla leytensis Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 279; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 174; Type: Wenzel 1140 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto; GH, NY; isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Jaro, Masaganap, 20-Sep-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 100-500(-650)m. Native.
  46. Medinilla magnifica Lindl., Paxton's Fl. Gard. 1 (1850) 55; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 133; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 24; Type: Weitch s.n. (K, holo), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland to montane cloud forests. 300-1400m. DAO category: Critically Endangered. Native.
  47. Medinilla malabrigoi Z.D.Meneses, Adorador & Quakenbush, Phytotaxa 483 (2021) 98; Type: Adorador & Meneses 010 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, LBC, iso), Samar: Samar, Paranas, Brgy San Isidro, c. 300m, 13-Jul-2017. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: 0-2900m. Conservation status: Endangered (Adorador et al. 2021). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  48. Medinilla malindangensis Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 250; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 156; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Type: FB 4557 Mearns & Hutchinson (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Malindang, May-1905. = Medinilla burebidensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1229; Type: Elmer 11839 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Primary forests. 1300-2000m. Native.
  49. Medinilla mearnsii Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 230; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 159; Type: FB 4656 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: ?Bukidnon (photos), Misamis Occidental. Notes: Primary forests. 900-1000m. Native.
  50. Medinilla medinillana (Gaudich.) Fosberg & Sachet, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 45 (1980) 15; ≡ Melastoma medinillana Gaudich., Voy. Uranie (1826) 69. = Medinilla trianae Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 352; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Ramos 1131 (US, lecto; FR, JE, U, isolecto), Luzon: Dahican River, Sep-1912. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Laguna, ?NEGROS. Native.
  51. Medinilla megacalyx Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 36; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 159; Type: FB 1514 Ahern's Collector (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Jul/Aug-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests at mid-elevations. Native.
  52. Medinilla membranacea Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 346; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 156; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 241; Type: BS 28361 Fénix (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; A, BM, BO, NY, US, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Notes: Only known from the type collection. Damp forests on rocky slopes. 800m. Native.
  53. Medinilla merrittii Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 286; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 166; Type: FB 4336 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 15 to 27-Jun-1906. = Medinilla megacarpa Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 237; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: BS 10977 Ramos (G, lecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Aug-1910. = Medinilla piperoides Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3668, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Forests. 900-1600m. Native.
  54. Medinilla microcephala Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 181; ≡ Cephalomedinilla anisophylla Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 205; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: BS 8986 Foxworthy (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Dahican, Paete, 25-Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 500-1000m. Native.
  55. Medinilla mindorensis Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 302; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 145; Type: FB 11489 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Ibalo River, Apr/May-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay, Aurora, Cagayan (photos), Camarines Norte (photos), Ifugao, Isabela, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Forested ridges and slopes of mossy forests or on summits. 600-1500m to 1740m (photos). Native.
  56. Medinilla miniata Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 382; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 130; Type: Wenzel 653 (holo PNH, lost; MO, lecto; A, CAS, F, GH, isolecto), Leyte, 12-May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur. Notes: Primary forest along streams. 350-500m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  57. Medinilla multialata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 178; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: BS 49447 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; BO, K, NY, UC, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Mayo, 16-May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN (photos), MINDANAO: Cotabato (photos), Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental (photos), South Cotabato (photos). Notes: Damp forested slopes. 360m (photos) to 1000m. Native.
  58. Medinilla multiflora Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 35; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 139; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 863; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 24; Type: Merrill 3915 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Arayat, Oct-1904. = Medinilla canlaonensis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 239; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: PNH 21998 Edaño (A, neo), Negros: Mt Canlaon, Apr-1954. = Medinilla myriantha Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 215; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Merrill 5129 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Maquiling, 17-Mar-1906. = Medinilla negrosensis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 240; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: Elmer 10049 (US, lecto; A, BO, CAS, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, May-1908. = Medinilla confusa Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 242; Type: Merrill 3965 (US, neo; K, L, NY, isoneo), Luzon: Mt Mariveles, Mar-1905. = Medinilla vulcanica Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 352; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Ramos 1164 (US, lecto; JE, U, isolecto), Camiguin: Apr-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU (photos), LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Camarines Sur, Ifugao (photos), Isabela (photos), Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Damp slopes, in mossy forests, or on summits of volcanic mountains. 750-1900m. Native.
  59. Medinilla multinervia Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 247; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 163; Type: BS 15386 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BM, G, K, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Mt Ibuni, 23-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Damp forests along stream at mid-elevations. Native.
  60. Medinilla myrtiformis (Naudin) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 86; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 167; Fernando et al., Forest Flora of Dinagat (2017) 63; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 864; ≡ Anplectrum myrtiforme Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 15 (1851) 305; Type: Cuming 753 (P, holo; BR, E, G-DC, K, L, MW, NY, NY, P, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, 1841. = Medinilla bulusanensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3661, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 17386 (A, GH, MICH, MO, NY, US). = Medinilla cardiophylla Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 206; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: Clemens s.n. (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. = Medinilla monantha Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 152; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Clemens 1136 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, isolecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental (photos), Sultan Kudarat (photos), Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Common in mossy forests at mid-elevation and on summits of most or all higher mountains. 210-2385m. Native.
  61. Medinilla oblanceolata Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 431; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 183; Type: BS 30703 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Panay: Antique, Mt Madiaas, Apr-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Primary forests, low to medium elevation. Native.
  62. Medinilla obovata Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 108; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 155; Type: FB 17353 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Negros: Negros Occidental, Mt Marapara, 11-Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan (photos), Laguna, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests. 100-500(-750)m. Native.
  63. Medinilla ovalis Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 303; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 147; Type: PNH 3652 Sulit (PNH, neo; A, L, isoneo), Luzon: Mt Bulusan, Jul-1947. = Medinilla epiphytica Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 242; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: BS 15002 Ramos (K, lecto; G, isolecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Dahican River, Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (photos), PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 400-600(-1000)m. Native.
  64. Medinilla pachygona C.B.Rob., PJS 3c (1908) 208; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 165; Type: Williams 952 (US, lecto; GH, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 19-Sep-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon. Notes: On limestone in forests. 1000-1700m. Native.
  65. Medinilla palawanensis Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 170; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 864; Type: Ridsdale SMHI 233 (L, holo; A, BO, K, iso), Palawan: Mt Beaufort, 29-Mar-1984. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic on forests over ultramafics. 150-1333m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  66. Medinilla panayensis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 347; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 143; Type: BS 18253 Robinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Panay: Iloilo, Ulian River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Lowland primary forests. 250m. Native.
  67. Medinilla parvibractea Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 348; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 134; Type: BS 4151 Fénix (NY, lecto), Babuyan Isls: Camiguin Isl, Mt Camiguin, Jun/Jul-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, BATAN, BATANES, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Forest ridges and mountain peaks. 1000m. Native.
  68. Medinilla peltata Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 348; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 164; Type: BS 18953 MacGregor (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Biliran: Mt Suiro, Jun-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Humid forests along streams. 200-750m. Native.
  69. Medinilla pendula Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 34; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 126; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 865; Type: Elmer 6037 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, K, NY, PNH, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Baguio, Mar-1904. = Medinilla elmeri Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 36; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Type: Elmer 5848 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1904. = Medinilla merrillii Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1219; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: Elmer 11249 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BO, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Jul-1909. = Medinilla subsessilis Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 94; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Vanoverbergh 792 (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; G, P, isolecto), Luzon: Bontoc, Malamey, Nov-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Abra, Apayao (photos), Benguet, Cagayan (photos), Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: In mossy forests; along creeks and streams, damp ravines and overhanging damp banks, also epiphytic. Common in the Cordillera Highlands of N Luzon. (450-)1000-2000m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  70. Medinilla permicrophylla Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1230; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Type: Elmer 11226 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, DS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao, Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: ?Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur. Notes: 941m (photos). Native.
  71. Medinilla philippensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 248; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; ≡ Axanthes philippensis Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 4 (1829) 193; Type: Chamisso s.n. (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Cavite Prov; BS 1341 Mangubat (US, neo; K, isoneo), Luzon: Cavite, Mendez Nuñez, Aug-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cavite. Notes: Considered here distinct from Medinilla venosa (Quakenbush 2024). Native.
  72. Medinilla pinnatinervia Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 235; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 152; Type: BS 7483 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan Valley, Pamplona, Mar-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao (photos), Cagayan. Native.
  73. Medinilla polillensis C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 217; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 152; Type: BS 10260 MacGregor (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Polillo, Oct-1909. = Medinilla bakeri Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3660, nom. inval., no Latin descr. = Medinilla nodiflora C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 217; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: BS 12005 Ramos (G, lectol K, isolecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Papatahan, Aug-1910. = Medinilla sorsogonensis Merr., PJS 11c (1916) 25; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: BS 23556 Ramos (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Luzon: Bicol, Mt Pocdal, Jul-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Camarines Sur, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (photos), Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Damp and shaded forests. 300-900m. Native.
  74. Medinilla pulverulenta (Jack) Quakenbush & Luo Chen, Taxon 74 (2024) 57; ≡ Pachycentria pulverulenta (Jack) Clausing, Blumea 45 (2000) 362; Fernando et al., Forest Flora of Dinagat (2017) 74; ≡ Melastoma pulverulentum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 14 (1823) 19; Type: from Malaysia. = Pogonanthera reflexa Reinw. ex Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 521; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, DINAGAT, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, OLUTANGA, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Various types of primary and secondary forests, mangroves, usually epiphytic. 0-600m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  75. Medinilla purpurea Elmer ex Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 298; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 151; Type: BS 23701 Ramos (US, lecto; A, BISH, K, L, NY), Luzon: Bicol, Mt Kilibong, Jul-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay (photos), Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Damp forest streams. 400-700m. Native.
  76. Medinilla pycnantha Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 179; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 173; Type: BS 45580 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BM, BO, K, NY, P, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Alzapan, 24-May-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Mossy forests. 1600m. Native.
  77. Medinilla quadrifolia (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 509; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 157; Fernando et al., Forest Flora of Dinagat (2017) 64; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 866; Cortez et al., Check List 19 (2023) 988; ≡ Medinilla radicans var. quadrifolia (Blume) Bakh.f.; ≡ Melastoma quadrifolium Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1069; Type: from Java. = Medinilla affinis Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 281; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Wenzel 1003 (A, lecto; F, isolecto), Leyte: Jaro, 18-Jul-1914. = Medinilla bagobo Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1212; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Type: Elmer 11617 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, HBG, K, L, MO, NY), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Sep-1909. = Medinilla duodecandra Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 229; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Weber 1010 (US, lecto; A, CAS, CM, E, F, GH, MIN, UC), Mindanao: Caraga, Butuan, Mt Hilong-hilong, 15-Mar-1911. = Medinilla mirandae Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 231; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: FB 18922 Miranda (BM, lecto), Basilan Island, Mt Calvario, Sep-1912. = Medinilla mindanaensis Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 34; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Copeland 439 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mar-1904. = Medinilla pachyphylla Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3665, nom. inval., no Latin descr. = Medinilla subumbellata Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 232; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Merrill 5660 (US, lecto; G, isolecto), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 10-Nov-1906. = Medinilla verticillata Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 34; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Elmer 6080 (US, lecto; K, NY, PNH, isolecto), Luzon: Sablan, Apr-1904. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, CEBU (photos), DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, ?Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga del Norte (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Primary forests. 0-1524m. Native.
  78. Medinilla radiciflora Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 180; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 126; Type: BS 49544 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; NY, UC, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, Mt Mayo, 16-May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur (photos), Misamis Oriental. Notes: Damp forested streams. 450-750m to 800-900m (photos). Native.
  79. Medinilla ramiflora Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 35; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 169; Type: Whitford 148 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; F, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, May-1904. = Medinilla weberi Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 235; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Weber 1009 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, CAS, CM, F, GH, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Hilong-hilong, 28-Mar-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra (photos), Apayao (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan (photos), Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Zambales (photos), MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Exposed ridges of mossy forests. 1000-2500m. Native.
  80. Medinilla robinsonii Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1228; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 165; Type: Elmer 9826 (L, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, HBG, MO, NY), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, 15-Apr-1908. = Medinilla rolfei Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 230; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Whitford 1500 (K, lecto), Negros; Mt Silay, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests. 1300-2000m. Native.
  81. Medinilla rubicunda (Jack) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 512; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 250; ≡ Melastoma rubicundum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 14 (1823) 18; Type: from Singapore. = Medinilla crassifolia (Reinw. ex Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 511; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 164; ≡ Melastoma crassifolium Reinw. ex Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1075; Type: from Java. = Medinilla hasseltii Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 513; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BASILAN, PANAY. Native.
  82. Medinilla saxa Fernando, Phytotaxa 718 (2025) 145; Type: Fernando 5591 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, LBC, PUH, SING, iso), Luzon: Isabela, Dinapigue, on ultramafic rock and soil, 561m, 29-Sep-2023. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: 545-561m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Fernando et al. 2025). Native.
  83. Medinilla sessilifolia Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 234; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 170; Type: BS 16145 Reillo (PNH, holo, lost; BM, lecto), Basilan: Cumalarang, 22-Aug-1912. = Medinilla myrmecorhiza Regalado, Blumea 35 (1990) 44; Type: from Brunei. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Known only from a single collection. Dipterocarp forest. 150-400m. Native.
  84. Medinilla setigera (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1) (1856) 550; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 179; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 866; Type: from Sumatra. = Medinilla cogniauxii Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 249; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: Cuming 1487 (K, holo; C, E, G-DC, L, iso), Luzon: Batangas. = Medinilla cogniauxii Merr. var. angustifolia Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 250; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: FB 4567 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, May-1906. = Medinilla curtiflora Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3662, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 14368 (A, GH, L, MO, NY, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 15179 (A, GH, L, MO, NY, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 15643 (A, GH, L, MO, NA, NY, S, U, UC, US), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sumatra. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Batangas, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests. 150-1641m. Native.
  85. Medinilla simplicymosa Malabrigo, A.G.Umali & A.B.Tobias, Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 867; Type: Malabrigo 516 (LBC, holo; CAHUP, EBL, PNH, iso), Palawan: Rizal, Brgy Ransang, Mt Mantalingahan Protected Landscape, 26-Jul-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 700-2086m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  86. Medinilla stenobotrys Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 350; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 130; Type: BS 28355 Fénix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora (photos), Isabela, Kalinga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: Forests along streams. (40-)600-800m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  87. Medinilla sulcata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 181; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: BS 46549 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, NY, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Peñablanca, Apr-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines Sur (photos), MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Forested stream at low elevation. 700m (photos). Native.
  88. Medinilla surigaoensis Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 153; ≡ Medinilla wenzelii Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 182, nom. illeg., non Merr.; Type: Wenzel 3021 (UC, holo; A, BO, BR, CAS, K, MO, NY, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, Placer, 15-Jul-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, POLILLO. Notes: Lowland forests. 0-150m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  89. Medinilla tayabensis Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 351; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 141; Type: BS 28605 Ramos & Edaño (US, lecto; BM, K, P, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Quezon. Notes: Mossy forests. 700m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  90. Medinilla tenuipes Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 353; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 185; Type: BS 15228 Ramos (K, lecto; G, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Mt Ibuni, 23-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur (photos), Zamboanga. Notes: Mossy forests. 800m. Native.
  91. Medinilla ternifolia Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 88; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 176; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 24; Type: Jager s.n. (B, holo, lost), Luzon; Merrill Philipp. Pl. 418 (US, neo), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Sep-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay (photos), Benguet, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests at medium elevation. Native.
  92. Medinilla teysmannii Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1 (1864) 217; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 135; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 868; Cortez et al., Check List 19 (2023) 988; Type: from Sulawesi. = Medinilla albiflora Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 385; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Wenzel 262 (MO, lecto; BM, F, L, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, 22-Jun-1913. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. CATANDUANES (photos), DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte (photos), MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur (photos), Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur (photos), Surigao del Norte (photos), Surigao del Sur (photos), Zamboanga del Norte (photos), NEGROS, ?PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Riverine forests and along slopes and ridges in mossy forests. 0-1300(-1800)m. Native.
  93. Medinilla theresae Fernando, PhytoKeys 113 (2018) 146; Type: Fernando 3831 (PNH, holo; LBC, PUH, iso), Dinagat: Loreto, Mt Redondo, 840m, dwarf forest on ultramafic soil, 29-Sep-2015. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: 627-1600m. Conservation status: Endangered (Fernando et al. 2018). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  94. Medinilla ultramaficola Quakenbush, Y.P.Ang & R.Bustam., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 868; Type: Camangeg & Bustamante 1 (PNH, holo; FEUH, PPC, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Beaufort, 16-Aug-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 150-1010m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  95. Medinilla umbellata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 299; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 161; Type: BS 34744 Ramos & Pascasio (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, lowland streamside forest, Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Low elevation forests along stream. Native.
  96. Medinilla umbrina Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1215; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 161; Type: Elmer 11496 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Forested ravines. 1800-2000m. Native.
  97. Medinilla venosa (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 518; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 171; ≡ Hypenanthe venosum (Blume) Blume, Mus. Bot. 1 (1849) 21; ≡ Melastoma venosum Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1075; Type: from the Moluccas (Ternate). = Medinilla luzonensis Hook.f. ex Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 88; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: Lobb s.n. (K, holo), Luzon. = Medinilla williamsii C.B.Rob., PJS 3c (1908) 208; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: Williams 2412 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; GH, K, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 20-Feb-1905. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. ALABAT, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Batangas, Ifugao, Laguna, Pampanga (photos), Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: L.L.Co: The US sheet (US 707951, barcode 00120639) of Medinilla williamsii C.B.Rob. is actually the one labeled as lectotype by Regalado. Forest slopes and ridges. 350-1000m. Native.
  98. Medinilla versicolor Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1214; Type: Elmer 11824 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Todaya, Mt Apo, 15-Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: J. Peter Quakenbush (30-Sep-25): Medinilla versicolor is only known from Mt Apo. 2084m (photos). Native.
  99. Medinilla vexillifera C.W.Lin & Rubite, Taiwania 65 (2020) 149, as 'vexillifer'; Type: Lin 676 (PNH, holo; SING, TAIF, iso), Luzon: cultivated from unknown origin, 25-Nov-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija (photos). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  100. Medinilla whitfordii Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 37; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 149; Type: Whitford 961 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Banahao, 19-Sep-1904. = Medinilla pulogensis Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 368; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: BS 18105 Merritt & Zschokke (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pulog, Jan-1910. = Carionia triplinervia Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21 (1884) 310; Type: Vidal 779 (K, holo; FI, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Albay, Mt Mayon, Apr-1887. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Apayao (photos), Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests in high mountains. 2216m (photos). Native.

Cultivated, not naturalized

  1. Medinilla sieboldtiana Planch., Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 5 (1849) t.482. Notes: Only in cultivation? Cultivated, not naturalized.

Incertae sedis

  1. Medinilla bicolor Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 152; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Clemens 514 (syn), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Apr-1906; Clemens 885 (syn), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jan-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Notes: Types or other collections could not be found by Regalado (1995) and Kartonegoro (2023). Native.
  2. Medinilla lateralis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 232; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 238; Type: Merrill 8292 (lost). Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, 28-Nov-1911; BS 39109 Ramos & Edaño (US, neo), Mindanao: Tangculan and vicinity, Jun/Jul-1020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga. Notes: Not traced by Regalado. Possibly a synonym of Medinilla banahaensis (Quakenbush 2024). Native.
  3. Medinilla parva Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 243; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Robinson 9398 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Mt Binuang, 28-Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Native.

Melastoma L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 16 July 2026
  1. Melastoma bensonii Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 367; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 357; Type: FB 18103 Curran (K, P). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao (photos), Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, PANAY. Notes: Montane forests. 2000-2400m. Native.
  2. Melastoma culionense Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 353; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 390; Tahil, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 118; Type: BS 21647 Escritor (L, lecto; NY, PNH, US, isolecto), Culion: Halsey Harbor, 25-Aug-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BICAWAYAN, CULION. Notes: Near Melastoma sanguineum var. laevifolium (Merr.) Karst.Mey.? (Meyer 2001). Native.
  3. Melastoma cyanoides Sm., Cycl. 23 (1819) n.56; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 359. = Otanthera manillana (DC.) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 56; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; ≡ Osbeckia manillana DC., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 3 (1828) 142; Type: Perrottet s.n. (P), Manila, Albay, 1819. = Otanthera crinita Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1849) 354; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: Cuming 928 (BM, K), Luzon: Albay. = Otanthera macgregorii Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 356; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 391; Type: BS 14408 McGregor (PNH?), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, Imugan. = Otanthera strigosa Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 433; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: BS 33079 Ramos (L, P), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Bangui to Claveria, Aug-1918. = Melastoma moluccanum Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1078. = Otanthera parviflora Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 355; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: Merrill 8082 (K), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, Mtns back of San Ramon, 28-Nov-1911. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos). Notes: Damp shaded ravines and on ridges. 0-1800m. Native.
  4. Melastoma dinagatense Caylan, Medecilo, & Penneys, Phytotaxa 766 (2026) 282; Type: Plants and Lichens of the Southern Philippines Survey 7171 (PNH, holo; BRIT, CMUH, US, iso), Dinagat: Loreto, Brgy Esperanza, Mt Redondo, 866m, 22-Jun-2024. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT. Notes: Ultramafic. 854-866m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Caylan et al. 2024). Native.
  5. Melastoma imbricatum Wall. ex Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1871) 60; C.B.Clarke, Fl. Br. India 2 (1879) 524; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 363; Type: from Malaysia. Distribution: India, Malay Peninsula. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: 0-2000m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  6. Melastoma lawrenceliaoi Tahil, Harvard Pap. Bot. 27 (2022) 118; Type: Tahil 397 (PNH, holo; CEBU, FEUH, iso), Tawi-Tawi: Panglima Sugala, Brgy Balimbing, Mt Gaha, 600m, 24-Oct-2020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Tahil (pers. comm. 3-Jul-22): The coordinates listed for the type in the protologue are incorrect. No coordinates were recorded when the type was collected. 600-700m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Tahil 2022). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  7. Melastoma malabathricum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 390; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 364; Cortez et al., Check List 19 (2023) 988; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11; Cañeda et al., Davao Research J. 16 (2025) 91; Raganas et al., Biodiversitas 26 (2025) 1194. = Melastoma polyanthum Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 481; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 188. = Melastoma congestum Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1194. ≠ Melastoma candidum auct. non D.Don; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 186. Distribution: BABUYAN ISLS, BALABAC, BASILAN, BATAN, BATAN DE ALBAY, BILIRAN, BOHOL, BUCAS GRANDE, BUSUANGA, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, CEBU, CORON, CULION, DINAGAT, GUIMARAS, HOMONHON, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur (photos), Bukidnon, Davao Occidental, Davao Oriental, Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao del Norte (photos), Surigao del Sur (photos), Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIARGAO, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-2900m. Native.
    • ssp. malabathricum. = Melastoma hombronianum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 278; Type: Hombron s.n. (P), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Sur, Sanboangon Point. = Melastoma heterostegium Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 286; Type: Callery s.n. (P), Luzon: Albay, Pangasinan. = Melastoma homostegium Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 286; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Cuming 927 (BM, E, K, P), Luzon: Rizal, Manila, 1841. = Melastoma fasciculare Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 288; Type: Gaudichaud 294 (P), Luzon: Rizal, Manila, 1836. = Melastoma baumeanum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 289; Type: Baume s.n. (K, P), Luzon: Rizal, Great lake at Manila, Aug-1832. = Melastoma fuscum Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 17 (1904) 39; Type: Barnes FB 340 (BM, K), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Feb-1904. = Melastoma parvifolium Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 32; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: Elmer 5836 (P), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Mar-1904. = Melastoma lanaense Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 153; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Clemens 836, Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley, Nov-1906. = Melastoma membranaceum Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 423; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: BS 3798 Fenix (K), Batanes: Cagayan, Jun-1907. = Melastoma warrineri C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 352; Type: Robinson FB 9370 (K), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Aug-1909. = Melastoma holmani Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3089; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Elmer 18479, Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Jun/Jul-1917. = Melastoma pinatubense Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3204; Type: Elmer 22233 (BM, C, K, L, P, SING), Luzon: Pampanga, Mt Pinatubo, May-1917. Distribution: Australia, China, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, S & SE Asia, Taiwan. BABUYAN ISLS, BALABAC, BASILAN, BILIRAN, BUSUANGA, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Throughout the Philippines in most or all islands and provinces. 0-2900m. Native.
  8. Melastoma malabituin J.Agcaoili, Barcelona & Pelser, Phytotaxa 435 (2020) 26; Type: Wilkie, Argent, Mendum, Pennington, Reynoso, & Gaerlan 29023 (E, holo; L, iso), duplicates of this collection (i.e., isotypes) were also circulated as Argent, Gaerlan, Reynoso PPI No. 20023 (BRIT, K, L, PNH), Luzon: Isabela, San Mariano, Brgy San Jose, 7-Mar-1997. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: 300m. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Agcaoili et al. 2020). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  9. Melastoma normale D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 220; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Wong, Gard. Bull. Sing. 67 (2015) 391; ≡ Melastoma malabathricum var. normale (D.Don) R.C.Srivast., Novon 8 (1998) 203; ≡ Melastoma malabathricum ssp. normale (D.Don) Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 368. Distribution: China, India, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. CULION. Notes: 300-1900m. Native.
  10. Melastoma pellegrinianum (H.Boissieu) Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 374; ≡ Dissotis pellegriniana H.Boissieu, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59 (1912) 330; Type: from Vietnam. Distribution: Laos, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. CULION. Notes: 50-600m. Native.
  11. Melastoma penicillatum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 280; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Neo et al., Phytotaxa 436 (2020) 199; Type: Cuming 1747 (BM, K, P), Leyte: 1841. = Melastoma crinitum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 13 (1850) 280, nom. illeg., non Vahl; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: Cuming 853 (BM, E, K, P), Luzon: Albay. = Melastoma setosum Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2758; Type: Elmer 14168 (C, E, K, L, MO, P), Mindanao: Agusan, Cadabaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental (photos), ?Maguindanao del Norte (photos), Sultan Kudarat (photos), NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests at low and medium elevation. Native.
  12. Melastoma sanguineum Sims, Bot. Mag. 48 (1821) t.2241; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 379. Distribution: China, Malay Peninsula. ALABAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: 0-2300m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. sanguineum. Distribution: China, Malay Peninsula. LEYTE. Notes: 0-2300m. Native.
  13. Melastoma toppingii Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 17 (1904) 32; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 188; Meyer, Blumea 46 (2001) 387; Type: Le Roy Topping 17, Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Jan-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Rizal. Native.

Incertae sedis

  1. Melastoma subalbidum Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 354; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 188; Type: BS 19835 McGregor (K, P, PNH), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Possibly near Melastoma moluccanum Blume with its short appressed hypanthium scales and the loose inflorescence (Meyer 2001). Native.

Memecylon L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 May 2026
  1. Memecylon affine Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 52; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Merrill 3190 (NY, syn), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Oct-1903. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: 200-1000m. Native.
    • var. affine. Distribution: LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Zambales, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests on slopes and ridges. 200-1000m. Native.
    • var. lancifolium Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 218; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Merrill 3148. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Habitat of the species, from which it differs only in leaf shape. Native.
  2. Memecylon apoense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1199; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Elmer 11697 (NY 2 sheets, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, Todaya, deep woods at 4000ft, Sep-1909. = Memecylon urdanetense Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2764; Type: Elmer 14113 (MO, NA, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, densely wooded steep incline at 3500ft, between the peaks of Duros and Cawilanan, in very damp humus and well-drained soil, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests. 1000-1200m. Native.
  3. Memecylon azurinii Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 183; Type: FB 29372 Azurin (UC, holo), Luzon: Isabela, Bagao, forests, c. 100m, Mar-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: ?Aurora (photos), Isabela. Notes: In forests, also along forested streams. 100-900m. Native.
  4. Memecylon basilanense Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 217; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 16146 Reillo (NY, US, iso), Basilan, Aug/Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  5. Memecylon brachybotrys Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 216; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 3070 Ahern’s Collector (US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, May/Jun-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos), Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  6. Memecylon calderense A.Gray, U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. (1854) 574; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 213; Type: US Exploring Exped. s.n. (US), Mindanao: Zamboanga, near Caldera, 1838-1842. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, NEGROS. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  7. Memecylon coeruleum Jack, Malayan Misc. 1 (1820) 26; J.F.Maxwell in Ng, Tree Fl. Mal. 4 (1989) 188. Distribution: Indochina, Malesia, Thailand. LUZON: Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Near seashores. 0m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  8. Memecylon cordifolium Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 221; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 213; Type: FB 9383 Whitford & Hutchinson, Mindanao: Zamboanga, Port Banga, Nov-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN (photos), JOLO, MINDANAO: Agusan, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Forested ridges at low elevation. 840m (photos). Native.
  9. Memecylon cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 18 (1852) 273, as 'cummingii'; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 213. = Memecylon preslianum Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 28 (1872) 157. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: In primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  10. Memecylon densiflorum Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 248; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 213. = Memecylon palawanense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1197; Type: Elmer 13235 (NY, US, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), among rocks in wooded river banks at 1000ft, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Misamis, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Notes: In primary lowland and medium elevation forests. 305m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  11. Memecylon elliptifolium Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 314; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 213; Type: FB 27060 P Magistrado (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Norte, Paracale, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, NEGROS. Notes: Primary lowland forests. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  12. Memecylon elongatum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 219; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  13. Memecylon gitingense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1195; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214; Type: Elmer 12189 (MO, US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Apr-1910. = Memecylon agusanense Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2760; Type: Elmer 14181 (NY, syn), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, along Catangan Creek, dense woods along a deep cliff, 3500ft; Elmer 13562 (MO, NA, NY, US, syn), same general locality, Duros Peak, dense woods along a steep slope, 3500ft, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, South Cotabato (photos), Zamboanga, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. (?-)1100m. Native.
  14. Memecylon gracilipes C.B.Rob., PJS 6c (1911) 353; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  15. Memecylon lanceolatum Blanco, Fl. Filip., 1st Ed. (1837) 301; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214. = Memecylon cumingianum C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 569; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 137; Type: Cuming 917 (NY, iso), Luzon, Albay. = Memecylon pyrifolium C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 570; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 138; Type: Cuming 1816, Bohol. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales (photos), MINDANAO: Davao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Common in thickets and second-growth lowland and medium elevation forests. 318m (photos). Native.
  16. Memecylon littorale Merr., PJS 35 (1928) 6. = Memecylon revolutum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 226, nom. illeg., non Thwaites; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte. Notes: In thickets along the seashore. 0m. Native.
  17. Memecylon loheri Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 220; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, PALAWAN. Notes: In primary forests at medium elevation. (?-)1000m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  18. Memecylon myrtilli Blume, Mus. Bot. 1 (1851) 357; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BANCALAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, SIBUYAN. Notes: Thickets or lowland forests. Native.
  19. Memecylon obscurinerve Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 357; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: BS 26401 Ramos & Edaño (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Nueva Ecija, Mt Umingan (Mingan), forested slopes, c. 400m, 20-Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija. Notes: Forested slopes. 400m. Native.
  20. Memecylon obtusifolium Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 225; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pangasinan, Zambales (photos). Notes: Dry forested ridges. 200m. Native.
  21. Memecylon odoratum Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1196; Merrill, PJS 8c (1913) 213; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: Elmer 13140 (MO, NY, US), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, between forks of Iwahig River, along a woodland stream, 500ft, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets and forests along streams. 152m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  22. Memecylon oligophlebium Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 357; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: FB 26476 Malonga, Mindanao: Surigao del Sur, Carrascal, dry slopes, 50m, 13-Dec-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT (photos), MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. Notes: Dry slopes at low elevation. 50m to 850m (photos). Native.
  23. Memecylon ovatum Sm., Cycl. 23 (1816) n.3; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Merrill, PJS 8c (1913) 215; Cortez et al., Check List 19 (2023) 988; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11; ≡ Memecylon edule Roxb. var. ovatum (Sm.) C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India 2 (1879) 564. = Memecylon prasinum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 18 (1852) 275. = Memecylon parviflorum Blanco, Fl. Filip., 1st Ed. (1837) 300; Type: not extant; ‘illustrative specimen’: Merrill Sp. Blancoanae No. 581 (US), Palawan: Palawan, Taytay, thickets and forests along seashore, 28-May-1913. ≠ Memecylon umbellatum auct. non Burm.f.; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 352. ≠ Memecylon tinctorium auct. non J.Koenig ex Willd.; Blanco, Fl. Filip ed. 2 (1845) 298. Distribution: India to Malay Peninsula, Philippines. BATANES, BUSUANGA (photos), CUYO, DANJUGAN (photos), DEPELDET (photos), HOMONHON, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Batangas, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte (photos), Pangasinan, Rizal, MINDANAO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SIARGAO. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Common in thickets at low elevation, especially along or near the seashore, but also extending inland. 0-12m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  24. Memecylon pachyphyllum Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 358; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216; Type: BS 26475 Ramos & Edaño (US, iso), Luzon: Nueva Ecija, Mt Umingan (Mingan), 250-350m, Aug-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Quezon. Notes: Forests. 250-850m. Native.
  25. Memecylon pallidum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 223; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  26. Memecylon paniculatum Jack, Malayan Misc. 2 (1822) 62; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216. = Memecylon gigantifolium Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2762; Type: Elmer 13548 (A, BISH, E, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Aug-1912. = Memecylon phanerophlebium Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 219; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216; Type: BS 15375 Ramos (BM, iso), Leyte: Mts of Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Sumatra. BALABAC, BASILAN, CEBU (photos), LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sultan Kudarat (photos), Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur (photos), Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SIARGAO. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Common. 350-946m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  27. Memecylon pteropus Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 224; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela. Notes: Lowland forests. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  28. Memecylon ramosii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 432; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos). Notes: Previously known only from the type collection from Ilocos Norte, recently recorded from Isabela (N Sierra Madre Natural Park, Palanan Forest Dynamics Plot). Primary lowland forests. Native.
  29. Memecylon sessilifolium Merr., PJS 5c (1910) 209; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB 18734 Darling (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Norte, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  30. Memecylon sorsogonense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1200; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Sorsogon. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  31. Memecylon stenophyllum Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 432; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bulacan. Notes: Dry forested slopes at low elevation. Native.
  32. Memecylon subcaudatum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 222; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  33. Memecylon subfurfuraceum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 213; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: Merrill 3788 (US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, 1-Jan-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BURIAS, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato, MINDORO. Native.
    • var. subfurfuraceum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Rizal. Notes: Common in primary lowland forests. Native.
    • var. depauperatum Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 214; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB-1992 Ahern’s Collector (US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Boso-boso, Nov/Dec-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  34. Memecylon symplociforme Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 359; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: BS 26598 Ramos & Edaño (L, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Aurora, E coast, vicinity of Mt Dingalan, on slopes, c. 195m, 27-Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, ?Nueva Ecija (photos), Quezon, Sorsogon. Notes: Forested slopes. 195m. Native.
  35. Memecylon tayabense Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 359; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB 24932 Bawan (US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Atimonan, forested ridges, c. 200m, 12-Dec-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forested ridges. 200m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  36. Memecylon tenuipes Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 211; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: BS 13835 Ramos, Luzon: Cagayan, Abulug River, in forests along the river, Jan-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Rizal. Notes: Along streams in lowland forests. Native.
  37. Memecylon terminaliiflorum Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1198; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos). Notes: Mark Hughes, pers. com. (March 2013): most likely a synonym of Memecylon paniculatum. Primary forests. 100-275m (photos). Native.
  38. Memecylon venosum Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 154; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 218; Type: Clemens 432 (K), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Sep-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga. Notes: Primary forests. (?-)600m (photos) to 900m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 22 November 2020
  1. Miconia crenata (Vahl) Michelang., Mabberley's Pl.-Book, 4th Ed. (2017) 1102; ≡ Melastoma crenatum Vahl, Eclog. Amer. 1 (1797) 41; Type: from Brazil. = Clidemia hirta D.Don, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 4 (1823) 309; Type: from Jamaica. Distribution: MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: Naturalized in secondary forest. Naturalized.

Ochthocharis Blume

  1. Ochthocharis javanica Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 523; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 189. Distribution: MINDORO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: 0m. Native.
    • var. javanica. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Java Sea, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDORO. Notes: Mangrove swamps. 0m. Native.
    • var. longipetiolata Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 425; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 189; Type: Merrill 6226 (NY, US, syn), Mindoro: Subaan, in mangrove, Dec-1906; FB 5488 Merritt (syn), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Baco River, in mangrove, Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Mangrove swamps. 0m. Native.

Osbeckia L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 28 June 2025
  1. Osbeckia chinensis L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 490; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 189. = Osbeckia perrottetii DC. ex Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 3rd Sér. 14 (1850) 71. ≠ Osbeckia multiflora auct. non Sm.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 293. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, BUSUANGA, CULION, GUIMARAS, HERMANA MAYOR, LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Pampanga, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tarlac, Zambales, MARARISON (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: In Luzon from Cagayan to Sorsogon. 0-850m (photos). Native.

Otanthera Blume

Incertae sedis

  1. Otanthera luzoniensis (Quisumb. & Merr.) C.Hansen, Ginkgoana 4 (1977) 122; ≡ Osbeckia luzoniensis Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 184; Type: BS 45719 Ramos (K), Luzon: Aurora, Mt Alzapan. “The only collection of this species is without stamens, therefore it cannot be decided if this plant belongs to Osbeckia or Otanthera (= Melastoma). With its stellate hypanthium emergences and the strigose leaves it is similar to Melastoma beccarianum Cogn., but the sparse branch indumenta and the type locality suggest a new species” (Meyer 2001). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Native.

Pleroma D.Don (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

  1. Pleroma urvilleanum (DC.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang., Taxon 68 (2019) 991; ≡ Tibouchina urvilleana (DC.) Cogn., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 14(3) (1885) 358; ≡ Lasiandra urvilleana DC., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 3 (1828) 130. Distribution: S America. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Sarcopyramis Wall.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 15 November 2024
  1. Sarcopyramis napalensis Wall., Tent. Fl. Napal. 1 (1824) 32; Hansen, Bot. Tiddskr. 73 (1979) 180; Type: from Nepal. = Sarcopyramis delicata C.B.Rob., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35 (1908) 72; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 189; Huang & Huang, Taiwania 33 (1988) 130; Taiwania 36 (1991) 134; Type: Williams 1276 (GH, K, NY, US, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, 1-Jul-1904; Williams 1305 (NY, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, 12-Oct-1904; Elmer 8806 (K, NY, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1907. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Apayao (photos), Benguet, Cagayan (photos), Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao, Davao del Sur (photos), Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO. Notes: 450-3500m. Native.

Sonerila Roxb.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 25 October 2024
  1. Sonerila mapelo Naive, Taiwania 68 (2023) 318; Type: Naive 134 (PNH, holo; HNUL, HITBC, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga City, La Paz, Pasonanca Natural Park, Tabu Tabu BMS, 20-Oct-2022. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: 1100-1360m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (Naive & Quakenbush 2023). DAO category: Critically Endangered. Native.
  2. Sonerila tenera Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. (Royle) 6 (1835) 215; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 190. Distribution: China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam. CULION, LUZON: Abra (photos), Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: 950m (photos). Native.
  3. Sonerila woodii Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 286; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Naive & Quakenbush, Taiwania 68 (2023) 318; Type: Merrill 5794 (K, lecto; NY, LY, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mt. Halcon, Nov-1906. = Sonerila lilacina Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2765; Type: Elmer 14135 (MO, lecto; BM, BRIT, CAS, E, GH, K, L, MICH, NY, PH, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: 900-1370m. Native.

References